There was an old Car Life or Motor Trend article I read from back around 1968 that talked about the specialty items, the typical items, and the special police tires that made a police car perform and remain durable & safe.

It is funny that Ray showed the '67 Olds LAPD patrol car. The California Highway Patrol outfitted their cars in a strange way very deliberately.
That Olds had manual steering, white steering wheel to stay cooler in the sun, power disk brakes, a W34 455 400 horse & serious suspension tuning. Supposedly the cops hated the Oldsmobiles for a number of specific reasons.

The LAPD Matador sedans of 71 - 73 were 401s with manual steering, disc brakes, fat stabilizer bars & 15" blackwalls with dog dish caps. In Ancaster back in '73 the county bought a pair of AMC Ambassador sedans equipped like the LAPD cars except they also had power steering and a/c.

Gearing for police duty is not an absolute, it is chosen for performance targets. Typically you would get 3.42:1 gearing for all but highway running, for any engine but the top big engine. At that point it had to have legs but also accelerate. 454s typically got 3.08s for police duty, where civilian car were typically 2.73s. Some of the Ford big engine interceptors ran tall 2.80s.

Back in '73 when 429s topped out the Ford car line, they did a police special 460 that was "unrated" and likely non emissions compliant with special dispensation for such. The Ford 460 Interceptors were running an electric fuel pump in addition to the mechanical pump. Special hot cam & carb. Unrated. It sounds like the 1972 351 H.O. scandal that got Ford in hot water with the EPA, where in the past ordering ram air would also get you engine upgrades. Early in the '72 run Ford tried it again with ram air on a CJ-351 to produce an 'unlisted' 351 H.O. that was actually a 1971 Boss 351 with a compression cut to 8.8:1. They were hit with a cease and desist order from the EPA. That is why you could only order ram air on the 351 2V in '73, EPA's penalty.